The study found that the first round loan impact is observed in the easy and timely availability of small amount of loans to rural poor women to meet their day-to-day urgent consumption requirements.
Just over 44percentt of second-round loan recipients were midwives and 30.5percentt were nurses.
Hundreds of smaller German community banks, the traditional source of credit for smaller companies, were among those taking advantage of the second round of loans, he said.
But on Friday, the central bank said that banks that took the second round of loans planned to return 61 billion euros in the latest repayment, much less than many had expected.
This study assesses the impact of the second round of Summa loans, made from October 2001 to November 2002.
Ms. Merlino met with the first round of loan recipients a week and a half ago in Manhattan.
The European Central Bank disbursed €530 billion ($712 billion) in a second round of three-year loans to banks at a super-low current interest rate of 1%.
The two companies' bankruptcies made them ineligible for the first round of loans but they are expected to be approved in later rounds.
Blom says the third round of loans will offer "weaning off" funding for existing centres in West and central Africa, as well as paying for new ones.
GM and Chrysler will receive the first round of loans from Washington on 29 December, which will go out in payments owing to car parts makers at the beginning of January.
An impact assessment of the first round of loans on clinic clients' perceptions of quality of care was conducted in 2002 [ 10].
