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Second, respiration rates were not normalized to the citrate synthase activity (mitochondrial content) [ 48].
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Here we refer to the first process as fermentation and the second as respiration, and use the terms proton respirer and Na respirer for organisms transferring, respectively, protons or Na ions across the membrane.
Second, anaerobic respiration on alternative substrates such as fumarate or trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) was tested.
During the second phase, respiration slowed to ∼40%% of the initial rate while the cells germinated and began growing (Dickinson 1965).
We conclude that first, uncoupled respiration is not nutrient-responsive.
First, carbon respiration following acquisition of phenylalanine will have less effect on the 13C∶15N relationship than it would for glycine because of the greater amount of 13C acquired per unit phenylalanine (C∶N = 9) compared to glycine (C∶N = 2).
Third, cellular respiration and lactate generation were not directly measured.
First, the respiration measurements on permeabilized muscle fibers were reproduced.
This difference reflects an intrinsic delay of several seconds between respiration and CSF movement.
First, poisoning respiration under normoxic conditions mimics the loss of respiratory-dependent energy production that occurs during the shift to anaerobiosis, independent of a change in oxygen availability.
This finding suggests that CR and reduced Tor/Sch9 signaling may regulate common genes, which first promote respiration and depletion of nonfermentable carbon sources and then cause a hypometabolic mode associated with lifespan extension (Wei et al., 2009).
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