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Following centrifugation, the supernatant was poured off and cells were washed twice in minimal-salt artificial seawater mix pH 8.2 (ASW, comprised of NaHCO3 (6 mM), NaCl (481 mM), MgSO4 (28 mM), MgCl2 (27 mM), CaCl (10 mM), KCl (9 mM) HEPES (pH 7.5, 1.0 mM) [41], all chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
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Seawater types are mostly constrained to the coastal areas as they show typical seawater mixing.
Hot fluid samples were taken as deep as possible within black smokers to minimise seawater mixing.
Chloride resistance of concrete with seawater mixing and metakaolin (MK) addition was evaluated by analytical techniques.
Field observations exhibited a higher concentration of sulfate in the downstream stations under the influence of seawater mixing.
The PCA results revealed that the seepage water chemistry was predominantly affected both by seawater mixing and cement material dissolution.
This paper aims to study the effect of seawater mixing on the properties of potassium magnesium phosphate cement (MKPC) paste.
The exception is in hydrothermal plumes, where much higher seawater mixing ratios (>1000) and low temperatures (up to several degrees Celsius) are found.
Thus, high levels of Na and Cl ions in coastal groundwater may indicate a significant effect of seawater mixing (Mondal et al. 2010).
Cl− between 100 and 200 mg l−1 and EC between 600 and 2000 µs cm−1 show that they are clearly affected by seawater mixing (Washington State Department of Ecology 2005).
No typical seawater mixing or base ion exchange was observed in the study area as none of the samples belong to Na Cl and Na HCO3 water types.
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