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All colonoscopies are undertaken at Joint Advisory Group on GI endoscopy (http://www.thejag.org.uk/) accredited screening centres by screening-accredited screening colonoscopists, who have passed a formal assessment comprising 12 month personal colonoscopy audit, multiple choice questionnaire and performed two directly observed colonoscopies assessed independently by two screening examiners.
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Of 90 full text articles screened, examiners agreed on the inclusion of 28 (initial agreement kappa = 0.60).
Although Smile Kentucky! is a community service program and calibration would have been difficult, future studies should include assessment of the reliability of the dental screening procedures across examiners.
They were characterised by either having an independent dental examiner screening a population for a particular disease or by relying on self-reported data with no validation by oral examination.
The students of each class were randomly assigned and screened by the four examiners.
Individuals who were interested in trial participation were screened by independent trial examiners to ensure that they fulfilled the eligibility criteria (Table 1).
One examiner ("non-judging examiner": CY) performed the screening process described previously, then recorded the year-of-publication of each manuscript that survived the screening process in a computerized spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel) and marked them with identification numbers.
Another possible explanation for part of the observed correlation is diagnostic suspicion bias, that medical examiners more carefully screened for opioid poisonings in deaths of uncertain cause, after they themselves were exposed the media reports about overdose, or concerns expressed in the medical literature.
For the purposes of basic testing standardisation and to avoid potential examiner bias, a screening protocol was used.
30 If expanding screening, in part, was achieved through examiners with lower detection rates, then the benefits may be less than projected.
The cervical palpatory diagnostic technique used by all three examiners during all subject screening and testing is a commonly practiced, standard test of cervical lateral flexion [ 12, 13].
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