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scramjet
noun
A jet engine capable of propelling an aircraft at hypersonic speeds; combustion of the fuel/air mixture occurs at supersonic speeds
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The unmanned, hydrogen-fuelled X-43A scramjet accelerated to a record Mach 9.68 in November 2004.
Aerion does not yet have a manufacturing partner, however.America's armed forces see potential in hypersonic aircraft, which fly at Mach 5 or faster using a type of engine known as a scramjet.
Instead, as scramjets accelerate, they must ascend into thinner air at a precise rate to prevent rising heat and pressure from quickening the fuel burn and blowing up the combustion chamber.In other words, igniting a scramjet is difficult, and keeping it going without exploding is harder still.
But its top speed is supposed to be a remarkable Mach 7.The X-43A is powered by an engine known as a scramjet.
A "space-plane" with a scramjet to power it through the atmosphere might burn 30 tonnes of fuel lifting a payload into orbit, compared with the 1,400 tonnes used by a space shuttle.
It planned to test the X-43A, a prototype aircraft powered by a supersonic-combustion ramjet, or "scramjet" (see article).
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A scramjet-powered booster could thus launch heavy loads to the edge of space.
This was the first fully controlled flight of a scramjet-powered vehicle, though it lasted only ten seconds.NASA is now concentrating on another test vehicle, the X-51A Waverider.
But once there, a scramjet-powered aircraft should be able to zoom away to speeds unattainable by a turbojet.The X-43A will be given its initial kick by a Pegasus rocket that will itself be dropped from a B-52 bomber.
In May the X-51A WaveRider test aircraft, built by Boeing and Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne for the U.S. Air Force, set a new record for the longest scramjet-powered hypersonic flight.
There was a resurgence of interest in scramjets when President Ronald Reagan announced the X-30 National Aero Space Plane, or NASP, project in 1986, intended to produce a scramjet-powered craft that would revolutionize air travel and go into space at 25 times the speed of sound.
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