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The point is that simply providing the margin of error without reporting the corresponding confidence level tells us absolutely nothing while creating the illusion of scientific precision -- and of responsible reporting.
It is an illusion that scientific and socioeconomic drivers are the sole elements determining the destiny of a technology.
And that conclusion (one that cheered those postmodernists who regard scientific progress as an illusion) left Kuhn and the science studies profession with the problem of how science really does work.
The scientific community harbors no illusions that it has successfully deciphered all the complexities of the material universe, or can ever reach absolute certainty.
Thinking about future using an illusion cannot be scientific, so the guiding question of this article is: How can we think about the future in a scientific way?
"The entire idea of a red team-blue team 'debate' is simply to undermine mainstream climate science by creating the illusion that the scientific community is still debating the reality and threat of human-caused climate change," Riley Dunlap, a sociologist at Oklahoma State University who monitors climate change deniers, told HuffPost earlier this week.
The combination of simple scientific principles - like the optical illusion that makes us think a vertical line is longer than a horizontal one because of our natural fear of falling - with paper and pencil tricks which can be simply played on friends and family, teaches effortlessly.
Lakatos' theory of research progress offers an explanation of why knowledge creation is so important within the scientific community, showing too why an illusion of knowledge about the future is persistent.
First I illustrate four root causes for the illusion of knowledge in scientific thinking about the future before I draft some rules on how to think about the future or what a scientific enquiry into the future (SEF) could look like.2.2
What if the upshot of scientific inquiry is that a need for illusion is built into in the human mind?
They are happy to enlist and exaggerate dubious research to create the illusion that there is a scientific stalemate, and they often get away with it.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com