"science understanding" is correct and can be used in written English.
It is typically used to refer to the level of comprehension and knowledge one has about scientific concepts or principles. Example: The success of a scientific experiment depends on the researcher's level of science understanding.
Investigation of common misconceptions relating to nature of science understanding sought to understand whether these were evident pre-intervention, and if so, whether program participation was associated with altered understanding.
The interviewees were split about when they tied their science understanding together to understand disease processes.
Their views about their basic science knowledge implies a mismatch between learning a subject and then having the opportunity to apply that learning, especially because there were so many different views about when they tied their science understanding together to understand disease processes.
But his thoughts were mostly informed by a common sense (or folk science) understanding of surface-to-volume ratio.
Pugh, D. & Woodworth, P.. Sea-level science: understanding tides, surges, tsunamis and mean sea-level changes (Cambridge University Press, 2014).
By then, his interests had shifted once again, to what he believed was the biggest challenge facing science: understanding how the brain works.
A key decision PD leaders make is about when and how to address gaps in teachers' science understandings that arise during video analysis.
Gender is a social determinant of health, and health-related interventions for men have progressively drawn upon various social science understandings of masculinity.
A highly promising area is the translation of cognitive neuroscience discoveries to gain a basic-science understanding of behavioral and pharmacological treatment outcomes.
What is the relationship between particular dimensions of teaching and particular outcomes for learners (e.g., motivation, attitudes toward the subject, autonomy in problem solving, problem-solving biases, nature-of-science understanding, and epistemological lessons), and when do they overlap?
Understanding the nature of science and understanding evolutionary theory are ends in themselves and may be mutually reinforcing.
