This tension described previously has resulted in the development of a strategic planning reform of science introduced by the European Commission, called "Science 2.0," or "Science in Transition" [ 14], strategic planning also extended to biobanking [ 15], which can be characterized as approaches to include the voices of all the stakeholders (i.e. patients, citizens and researchers).
At the same time, innovation in the field of computer science introduced the automation of behavioral analysis, and the simulation of human actions in space through AI, a technology that could be potentially integrated into the most common design and representation tools, such as BIM.
The wedges concept, first published by Pacala and Socolow in a 2004 issue of Science, introduced 15 existing technologies, each representing a so-called stabilization wedge, and proposed that any combination of seven wedges could prevent global emissions of greenhouse gases from rising for the next five decades.
The discipline of Services Science, introduced by IBM in 2002, has emerged and matured in a true transdisciplinary atmosphere.
And his maternal first cousin Waldermar Kaempffert, influential editor for The New York Times and Popular Science, introduced him as an international reformer and visionary; praising his science-oriented intellectual, social and educational ideas, especially his contribution to unity of science and visual language.
In 1950, Alan Turing, a British mathematician and the "Father of modern computer science," introduced the Turing Test, a game posited to answer the question, "Can computers think?" In the game a human judge interacts with two participants: a person and a computer pretending to be a person.
Alex Chassanoff who is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the program on information science introduces a series of posts on software curation.
Economics-Political Science introduces students to the methods of economics and political science and stresses areas of particular concern to both.
The current trend in medical education is to develop a student-centered, outcome-oriented curriculum that integrates basic and clinical science, introduces students to patients at an early stage, reduces redundancy, and promotes active learning.
Five figures from the arts and science introduce books that changed their lives and work.
This philosophy of science introduces many historical and cross-cultural philosophical perspectives on science itself.
