For more than three centuries, formal communication in the scientific community has relied on the scholarly and professional periodical, widely distributed to tens of thousands of libraries and to tens of millions of individual subscribers.
The Obama administration loosened restrictions on travel to Cuba early in 2011, allowing more than 10,000 tourists without familial, scholarly or professional ties to go there using tour operators with what are known as people-to-people licenses.
The Google e-bookstore will go well beyond trade books, including scientific, technical, medical, scholarly and professional reference books that might more typically be read on a desktop or laptop computer.
The roster includes the artist Robert Longo, the cartoonist Roz Chast, the dealer Ivan C. Karp, the art historian Linda Nochlin, the journalist Pete Hamill and the novelist Paul Auster, all of whom have collections that are more personal than scholarly or professional.
The prospectus includes negotiated language promising that faculty and students at the new college "will be free to conduct scholarship and research and publish the results, and to teach in the classroom and express themselves on campus, bearing in mind the need to act in accordance with accepted scholarly and professional standards and the regulations of the college".
Most of the effort of the previous Tory government had been placed on trying to get museums to be, as far as possible, financially more self-sufficient; less dependent on government funding and much more on the marketplace; more visitor-oriented and less dominated by narrow scholarly and professional concerns.
The details "could vary by discipline, and new business models for universities, libraries, publishers, and scholarly and professional societies could emerge," NSF's statement says.
Changing the traditional supervision approach to a blended approach (de Beer & Mason, 2009), including a greater use of ICTs through the use of online forums, for example, may assist these students to become more active members in their scholarly and/or professional communities.
The scholarly and professional styles that earned you good grades and your way up the ladder won't win the hearts of readers of fiction or memoir.
