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Dynamic melt rheology and in situ, variable temperature small-angle X-ray scattering determined the non-sulfonated copolyester order-disorder transition at 150 ± 5 °C, which was ∼60 °C above the hard segment Tg. Atomic force microscopy revealed sulfonated hard segment copolyesters contained more disordered surface morphologies.
Concentrations of oxy-, deoxy- and total hemoglobin and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcStO2) were calculated based on absolute coefficients of absorption and scattering determined by multi-distance Frequency-Domain-NIRS assuming BWCs of 75-95%, which may be encountered in newborn infants depending on gestational and postnatal age.
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Energy loss, energy straggling and angular scattering determine the 36S suppression.
Multiple distinct phenomena are responsible for the porosity dependence of S. Apart from the increase of electrical resistivity with porosity due to carrier depletion, the interplay between energy-filtering effect, phonon drag and boundary scattering determines the S dependence on porosity.
Small-angle neutron scattering and light scattering determine the intensity I q, ϕ) as a function of the scattering vector q and the volume fraction ϕ of the dissolved objects.
To apply software-based image-analysis tools to objectively determine intraocular scatter determined from clinically derived Hartmann-Shack patterns.
NB4 cell lines were also studied by flow cytometry on a FASC Accuri C6 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA, Accuri Cytometry), after staining with Alexa Fluor 647-Annexin V (Molecular Probes, Grand Island, NY, USA) and propidium iodide (PI), and the forward and side scatter determined.
Furthermore, the homogenous broadening mechanisms including LO phonon scattering and impurity scattering were determined by fitting the temperature-dependent PL linewidth to a theoretical model.
Potential thickness reductions of the absorber layers related to (i) an interlayer with small refractive index, (ii) an optimal ARC and (iii) enhanced light scattering are determined and compared.
As described in the mathematical derivation below, the X-ray scattering is determined by the density of electrons within the crystal.
Figure 4 shows the daily light scattering distribution determined with a nephelometer at 550 nm.
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