Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(5)
Conclusions: Movement of the scapula into a protracted or retracted position results in a statistically significant reduction in isometric shoulder elevation strength as measured in this study.
The coracoid is in all known specimens fused with the scapula into a scapulocoracoid, lacking a visible suture.
However, "Pitching" of the shoulder, i.e. rotation about the long axis of the clavicle cannot be monitored by this model approach (and neither by universal goniometry), which does not take any information of the scapula into account.
Only a few allometric studies on adult (e.g., [ 25, 28]) and juvenile mammals (e.g., [ 29- 32]) paid heed to this evolutionarily 'new' functional homology of the limb segments by taking the scapula into account.
The glenoid shell was impacted into the "neo-fossa" to gain provisional stability within the lateral fornix of the scapula and secured to the scapula into the "neo-fossa" in a divergent quadruped fashion using 3.5-mm titanium cortical screws into the lateral column of the scapula, scapular spine, base of coracoid, and glenoid body if this was possible.
Similar(55)
Although still evident, the first radial is also in the process of becoming incorporated into the scapula in some "trachinoid" lineages including pinguipedids, specifically Pinguipes ([ 80] pp. 356 358, Figure 237) and in the creediid Tewara [ 81].
The first pectoral radial is fully incorporated into the scapula in several other percomorph lineages that, like notothenioids, possess only three radials as adults including Hemerocoetes ([ 29] Figure 11b), Callionymus ([ 79] p. 222), and Bembrops ([ 25] p. 141), although some species of Bembrops exhibit four radials ([ 29] p. 49).
Direct measurement of active scapular motion was accomplished by insertion of 2 1.6-mm bone pins into the spine of the scapula in 8 healthy volunteers (5 men, 3 women).
A total of 0.1 mL/site of 0.1% FC with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was injected intracutaneously into the back of the scapula in the experimental group.
The supraspinatus is a relatively small muscle that runs from the top portion of the scapula which inserts into the top of the humeral head.
A limitation of our study is that we used a 2-D model of an average scapula without taking into account the muscles or soft tissues.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com