First, sensitivity is affected by both design and filtering, since the scan-to-scan variance, that is the fixed effect, is not negligible with respect to the between-subject variance, that is the random effect, in er-fMRI population studies.
Furthermore, the 50 % reduction in acquisition time, as suggested in the 2012 standards, resulted in a higher inter-scan variance of the mCT Flow quality results compared to the data quoted in [6].
For this scan, phase-variance calculations utilize four phase changes from two adjacent BM-scans, allowing for identical statistics to the 3x3 mm scan pattern.
To find candidate loci for third-order interactions, we performed a genome-wide scan for variance-controlling loci for each trait, using the Brown Forsythe test to assess evidence for an effect of the locus on phenotypic variance.
The age-stratified results suggest that QTLs expressed over long periods of time and affecting multiple, correlated traits may be identified using genome scans and variance-component analysis to help detect early and/or late gene expression.
For the determination of the rcc significance threshold, we assumed that the 200 of the 252 components of each scan explaining the least variance represented noise.
Summed volume projections (SVPs) were automatically created for each of the retinal layers from the variance B-scans using the segmentation data obtained from the averaged intensity B-scans.
Each group of eight mice was placed closely together in the scanner (in order to reduce the inter-individual variance) and scanned 12 times (to reduce the inter-observational variance).
Histogram equalization was applied to each strip to normalize intensity differences between variance B-scans.
Cytoplasmic effects contributed 1 2% of phenotypic variance for scan-weight and fat depth, but the effect was generally non-significant (P > 0.05).
Easy ways of interfacing variance GWAS scans (vGWAS; Shen et al., 2012 ) and bigRR (Shen et al., 2013 ) packages (BLUP, ridge regression) as well as simple visualization of per-genotype distribution of phenotypic values are provided.
