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(B) A diverse iPhone scam campaign.
This section provides deeper insights into 419 scam campaign orchestration.
Figure 9 is an example of a 419 scam campaign quite likely orchestrated by the same cyber criminals.
Interestingly, various campaigns have different operational structures and manage resources differently, as depicted by the examples in Figure 8. Figure 8 Examples of other scam campaign structures.
Also, we observe that the load of the scam campaign is well distributed over time, and does not exhibit very high peaks on specific dates, hence keeping very low volumes of emails sent.
In comparison to the previous study of scam campaign [5], we observed much less UK and Nigerian numbers per group, and confirm that large-scale scam campaigns can be distributed over several continents.
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Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 show examples of different scam campaigns identified by TRIAGE.
Table 4 provides some global statistics computed across the top-250 largest scam campaigns.
Most scam campaigns are rather long-lived (lasting on average about a year).
Here we characterize 419 scam campaigns by looking at how they are operated.
At the next step, we looked at scam campaigns from a broader perspective: by searching for loosely interconnected clusters.
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