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The postulated scale structure was analyzed for scaling errors using multitrait scaling analysis [ 2].
Multitrait-multi-item scaling tests indicated scaling errors in all domains, although most were of minor importance.
Hence, for real data, pedigree-based evaluation may actually give larger scaling errors than IBD-GS using selective genotyping.
A second limitation is that the individual Bcd gradients used in the analysis had certain systematic scaling errors that exaggerated the variation in threshold location [ 3, 14].
Taken together, the very small number of scaling errors provided strong support for the hypothesized scale structure of the QLQ-C30.
N$- Scaling errors, where an item correlated with a scale other than its own, with a standard error of correlation more than 1.96 (r>1.96 SE).
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A correct face detection is considered when the detected eyes lie within strict face detection criterion such that the acceptable range is scaling error and horizontal and vertical errors [37] from the manually located eye location.
The original RMSE of 1.82 mm due to scaling error was managed to be reduced to 0.77 mm while the correlation of errors to their distance from the origin reduced from 0.855 to 0.209.
In particular, there are extended tails towards very large relative or scaled errors, containing only ≲1% of the particles but reaching up to 1000 times the median error.
To evaluate the performance of the projections from EvolutionPred, we are inspired by the mean absolute scaled error (MASE) [25], which was originally designed to alleviate the scaling effects of mean absolute error MAE).
Constraining the relative error (top panel of Figure 9) is slightly more costly than constraining the scaled error (bottom panel).
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