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We measured all the major study variables with well-validated scales adopted from prior studies.
The behavior rating scales adopted by these studies add symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity in the same domain preventing the distinction between them.
Feedback from patients regarding the different rating scales adopted by the MPQ-SF PPI (0-6 VRS) and BPI-SF (0-10 NRS) highlighted the superiority of NRS ratings scales for the assessment of pain severity.
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On the other hand, a unique characteristic of the ACT is the adoption of a simple 5-item Likerthatale that is different from the complex scale adopted in the severity index.
Data plotted on double logarithmic axes to match scaling adopted by Hofmann et al. (2014) [2].
The questionnaires were based on a multiple item measurement scale adopted from previous research namely Ismail et al. (2013).
After the screening questionnaire, patients were subjected to the 10-point quality of life (QoL) scale adopted from American Chronic Pain Association (Arabic version) [12] ranging from 10 (normal daily activities) and 0 (non-functioning).
Anxiety was assessed using a scale adopted by the American Psychiatric Association [ 23].
The severity of OA lesions was graded on a scale adopted from Osteoarthritis Research Society International OARS I) histopathology instructions [ 45].
The Stroke Self-efficacy Scale adopted by Jones and Colleagues [ 45] was developed with stroke populations.
At this stage, it was also decided to abandon the Likert scale adopted in the Chinese source, in favor of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com