Exact(1)
Note: N Number of Physicians, M Mean, SD Standard deviation, Scale Range: Scale of indicators 1-4 1 = "not at all" to 5 = "yes, to a very great extent"; Scale of Indicators 5 and 6 1 = "very bad" to 5 = "very good"; *p < .05 Significance level, †p < .10 Significance level.
Similar(59)
During the initial assessment, a combination of the dichotomous scale for indicators of transmissibility and the dichotomous scale for indicators of severity results in a framework with 4 profiles (A, B, C, D).
Some studies have analysed the effects of the different indicators separately [ 25, 30], some have created a scale taking the indicators together [ 26- 28, 31], and again others have investigated each indicator separately as well as an aggregate scale of the indicators together [ 21- 23].
Confirmatory factor analysis estimates latent variables based on the correlated variations of the dataset (e.g., association, causal relationship) and can reduce the data dimensions, standardize the scale of multiple indicators, and account for the correlations inherent in the dataset (Byrne 2013).
In particular, the scale of the indicators for temperature and light was extended from 9 to 12, so as to include the warmer and brighter conditions of the Mediterranean relative to the conditions in continental Europe ones.
From Table 5, both World Bank subindicators Rigidity Index and Redundancy Cost have a relatively strong correlation with the WEF and Fraser aggregate indicators that are partly based on them (the minus sign is due to the reverse scale of this indicator: higher scores indicate more rigidity).
Hence, the relevant scale of each indicator must be specified to relate pattern to process in the appropriate conceptual model.
Scale for indicators like "Reduction of CO2 Emissions", "Reduction of CO Emissions" or "Reduction in number of accidents": the variation with respect to the status quo is measured on the scale shown in Fig. 7c; the minimum acceptable variation corresponds to the percentage reduction goal fixed by competent government agencies (e.g., a reduction of 20%% in road accidents by the year 2010).
Due to the different scales of the indicators, the weighted sums of the indicators within each group were preferred to the unweighted ones in the final operationalisation of the three dimensions of social capital.
Each participant was invited to rate the indicators based on validity and feasibility on a scale of 1 9 (1 for indicators definitely not feasible or valid and 9 for indicators definitely feasible or valid).
However, in the course of generating and scaling our list of indicators in preparation for field testing the project toolkit, it became apparent that adhering to the integrity of Wenger's concept did not go very far in diagnosing what makes collaborative arrangements work, or not work.
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