For Halliday (1961 272), delicacy is "the scale of differentiation, or depth in detail" and it is clear from Hasan (1996) and also Martin (1992) that lexis as most delicate grammar is pursued along this dimension, which runs through the lexicogrammatical stratum and is generally represented as a system network of options.
Further study with DNA sequence data is clearly needed to more precisely estimate the time scale of differentiation of locust populations.
We observed significant variation in the genomic and geographic scale of differentiation in Atlantic cod, using a panel of EST-associated SNPs.
Further work on the fine scale geography of differentiation using COI and other loci is warranted in order to discern the causes of different levels of dispersal interruption among species.
Instead, typical time scale of macroscopic differentiation of multiple days suggests that some delays between subsequent cell differentiation steps need to be accounted for.
The isotopic composition of Pb, Nd, Sr, Hf, and Os, as well as rare-Earth element abundances, is used to study the origin of volcanic rocks, the time scale of mantle differentiation, and the nature of planetary formation processes.
The randomization rates are important for setting the time scale of the differentiation process.
At the same time, the geographic scale of genetic differentiation serves as an indicator of the historical rates of gene flow.
We noted that genetic structure declined when the full dataset was partitioned among islands and mainland locations (ΦPT = 0.422 for the mainland and 0.400 for island populations relative to 0.629 among all sampled populations), and this scale corresponds to the scale of adaptive differentiation detected in field studies of this species.
The distinct variation in life history traits, behaviour and Pan I genotype frequencies of Icelandic cod is persuasive evidence that the current stock designation does not capture the actual geographic scale of population differentiation (Pampoulie et al. 2006, 2008; Marteinsdóttir and Pardoe 2008).
However, the role of purifying selection in shaping large-scale patterns of differentiation has not been well characterised, although it has been widely accepted that the majority of new mutations that affect fitness will have detrimental effects (Pal et al., 2006; Eyre-Walker and Keightley, 2007).
