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Scale items used in the present study.
Scale items were created by referring to past studies.
Additionally, Table 2 also shows t-values for scale items were between 7.35 and 16.35, exceeding the 2.0 rule of thumb for significance of scale items.
Person misfit generally occurred because the scale items did not adequately capture some individuals' behaviors.
The scale items had satisfactory internal consistency and were factor analyzed using the Varimax procedure.
A content validity assessment is required, since inferences are made based on the final scale items.
First, we improved the scale items by using multiple item constructs and different scale formats.
The scale items used in this research can thus be considered reliable.
The CFA was performed on the original scale items using a covariance matrix.
The scale items used in this research were thus considered reliable.
Total and factor-specific scores could then be computed as simple sums of the scale items.
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