HOUSE is formed by four characteristics, viz., availability and quality of water supply services, type of sewerage and sanitation, type of domestic refuse and garbage disposal system, and a variable seizing household density (persons/rooms).
The SES index was computed separately for each sub-district using the HDSS population data on access to basic services (water, electricity, sanitation), type of house, and the household assets listed above.
To evaluate socio-economic status (SES), we asked about household possessions including fan, refrigerator, television, bicycle, motorcycle, car, source of drinking water, type of sanitation, type of residence, home ownership, separate room for cooking, source of cooking fuel, respondent self-reported and interviewer-perceived social class [ 24].
A household economic score was computed by correspondence analysis from the matrix of binary variables coding for type of house, number of people per room, type of sanitation, type of drinking water supply and possessions such as car, television, computer, satellite dish and refrigerator.
a The DHS surveys generally cover water supply, electricity, sanitation, flooring type, ownership of assets such as radio, television, telephone, and refrigerator, ownership of agricultural land and livestock, persons sleeping per room and country specific items.
Employment status and the level of education of the parents, house structural materials, sanitation facilities, type of drinking water (tap, commercial chlorinated or boiled water), and family income were collected as proxy variables of socio-economic status.
Explanation of the questions included in each section is provided below.> Demographic information and standard of living were assessed using household standard of living (SOL) and was calculated based on nine proxy indicators including access to improved water and sanitation and type of roofing and flooring materials [ 46].
Besides these questions, the wealth index, such as television, bicycles for each household was computed using data on the household's ownership of selected assets and sanitation facilities, example type of drinking water source and type of toilet facility.
In the 2011 NDHS, this variable covered information on material possessions (e.g., television, bicycle car), as well as dwelling characteristics such as source of water, sanitation facilities and type of material used in flooring [ 13].
aWealth Index used information on household ownership of consumer items, ranging from a television to a bicycle, as well as characteristics of a respondent's dwelling such as its source of drinking water, sanitation facilities, and type of flooring material used.
With the Peshawar school attack still fresh in memory, safety in schools is at the forefront of many Pakistani parents' minds, but discussions also need to be had about teacher recruitment, improving sanitation facilities and the type of curriculum to offer.
