Additionally, the specific features of wind-drift sand activities, such as the abruptness and higher than usual sand height, should be considered during the process of designing sand-damage-control engineering measures.
Based on detailed wind data, in situ observations of windblown sand and field wind tunnel simulations along the QTR, this paper aims to clarify the characteristics of windblown sand with increasing altitude, and to show the dynamical environment of sand activities.
We therefore studied the formation conditions, characteristics, and damage mechanisms for aeolian sand activity in these areas.
Moreover, because the biologic soil crust plays an important role in determining aeolian sand activity, and so in turn the extent of gully development, this study highlights a critical role of geomorphic ecologic interactions in determining arid-landscape evolution.
At one point, a handful of activists protesting BP's tar sands activities approached the stage and were carried out of the room by security staff.
The Sands' activities in China came under the scrutiny of federal investigators after 2010, when Steven C. Jacobs, the former president of the company's operations in Macau, filed a wrongful-termination lawsuit in which he charged that he had been pressured to exercise improper leverage against government officials.
As inorganic and organic compounds associated with oil sands activities are highly intercorrelated, and the observed lesions and changes are not diagnostic of particular toxicants, it was not possible to isolate the causative chemical factor(s) responsible.
But Mr. Donahue said his research at Muriel Lake, northeast of Edmonton and close to the hub of oil sands activity, including Imperial's Cold Lake operation, suggested that the oil companies' appetite for water was having a long-term effect.
The photograph on p. A130 of Weinhold's article (2011) speaks to the reality that many citizens of Fort Chipewyan continue to be concerned about the possible effects of oil sands activity on their health and are uncertain about why community members are dying from what appear to the survivors to be unusual causes.
Although the RSC panel found no evidence that people are currently being harmed by oil sands activity, that conclusion is based on testing for only a limited number of substances and reliance on some standards that may not be fully protective, says Kevin Timoney, an ecologist and principal investigator with Alberta-based Treeline Ecological Research.
This explains that the ion exchange of Ca2+ with Na+ (Mercado 1985; Al-Khashman 2007; Saha et al. 2008; Shekhar Gupta et al. 2009) and the influence of soil salts, deltaic clayey sands, coastal clayey sands, anthropogenic activities and marine salts are responsible for the higher concentration of Na+ in the groundwater.
