Sentence examples for sampling deviation from inspiring English sources

Overall, approximately half of the observed variance in the evolution rates seems to result from purely technical factors (sampling deviation and distance calculation errors), limiting our ability to detect deviating groups of genes even when the nontechnical component of the deviation is caused by the same biological factors.

For worker groups, the individual sampling deviation is practically 0 because of the large numbers of individuals in a worker group (Equation (19)).

An animal's breeding value was generated as the sum of the parent average and a Mendelian sampling deviation that considered inbreeding of the sire and dam.

The infinitesimal model assumes that an animal's breeding value is the sum of the parent average and a Mendelian sampling deviation that resembles the random process of sampling parental genotypes (e.g. [ 8]): where u i and N i are the additive genetic value and Mendelian sampling deviation for animal i, respectively, and s and d are the sire and dam of animal i.

Direct and indirect breeding values of an offspring were simulated as the average breeding value of its parents plus a Mendelian sampling deviation, sampled from a bivariate normal distribution.

For cross-sectional binary data, both the corresponding residual and the Mendelian sampling deviation are inferred from a single liability only, and are thus not identifiable (on the likelihood level) and completely confounded.

This advantage results from the fact that RRM captures the Mendelian sampling deviations, which accounts for half the additive genetic variance among individuals [20], [25], [28], [36].

Since clustering agreement measures are calculated from the sample and are not an intrinsic property of each sampled entity, small sampling deviations from the population might be amplified by the measurement, as discussed below.

In animal models, the full additive genetic effect (mid-parent mean + Mendelian sampling deviation) of each animal is fitted, whereas sire-dam models only fit the additive genetic mid-parent means (sire + dam effects) and the Mendelian sampling deviations of the offspring are included in the residuals of the model.

Hence, variance of fully confounded Mendelian sampling deviations cannot be identified either, but can be inferred from the between-family variation.

Across traits, Mendelian sampling deviations of non-parents are, in most cases, completely confounded with either residuals (cross-sectional data) or permanent environmental effects (longitudinal data).