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where is the carrier frequency offset (normalized by the subcarrier spacing, where is the sampling frequency), is the sampling clock error, is the timing offset of user, is the random phase noise caused by the instability of user 's oscillator, is the frequency selective channel of user, is the intercarrier interference (ICI) of user, and is complex additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN).
Figure 4 Practical sampling clock synchronization scheme.
Sampling clock frequency offset (SCFO) [8].
The sampling clock error can essentially be divided into two parts: sampling clock frequency offset (SFO) and sampling timing error (STE).
In addition, they view the synchronization of sampling clock frequency all at once whereas neglecting the permanent drift of sampling clock frequency.
Practically, the colocated DACs are driven by a common sampling clock with frequency of 1/T.
The PLL output is restored from the high-speed sampling clock f1h ~ fmh.
This calibration includes channel matching for accurate direction detection and sampling clock correction.
The overall sampling clock synchronization scheme is practically described with the aforementioned six steps processing.
The sampling clock frequency is 6.857 MHz and the OFDM FFT size is 128.
The sampling clock synchronization in an OFDM system is to mitigate the sampling clock errors due to the mismatch of the crystal oscillators between the transmitter and the receiver.
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