The delay has a single parameter, the number of samples of delay to be introduced.
This then allows for the construction of an additional regressor –"a sample selection term"– to be introduced into the equation of remittance.
The sample then needs to be introduced into a bedside analyser by hand (requiring attention from busy clinical staff) and the analysis itself usually takes another few minutes before concentrations of glucose, lactate and other metabolites are displayed.
We sampled 18 populations assumed to be introduced and invasive across the entire currently known distribution of L. neglectus, plus 25 populations of L. turcicus in Turkey [supporting information, Fig. S1, Table S1], and found that sympatry is restricted to low altitude habitats (<400 m; Fig. 1C).
A new calibration methodology is also described where calibrant ions are introduced and controlled via a separate channel of the dual-channel ion funnel, allowing calibrant species to be introduced to sample spectra on a real-time basis, if needed.
This facilitates obtaining clean baselines and allows both smaller volume (<0.5 mL) and larger volume samples to be conveniently introduced.
A volume of approximately 50 μL of the sample to be studied is introduced in a reservoir that is then sucked in.
In order to achieve accurate, reproducible and biologically relevant miRNA RT-qPCR data, non-biological sample-to-sample variation that could be introduced by protocol-dependent inconsistencies has to be corrected for by using reference genes.
Monitoring physiological functions such as swallowing often generates large volumes of samples to be stored and processed, which can introduce computational constraints especially if remote monitoring is desired.
A more complex approach that adjusted the samples to be nationally representative would likely also introduce a greater level of uncertainty around any point estimates.
