With home-based self-sampling, the issue of eligibility needs to be clearly communicated in the materials sent with the kit.
Considering the complex nature of biological samples and the issue of matrix effects in the analysis of PFCAs, μ-SPE as an extraction method was shown to be advantageous; it combined extraction and concentration in one single step with no additional sample clean-up, and was able to remove significant matrix interferences.
Another important concern in the use of NGS for analysis of environmental samples is the issue of bias in multi-template PCR amplification [ 8].
2007 *P < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001 NA: Does not apply ND: No data The most frequent studies about violence in representative community samples address the issue of victimization.
APOLLOH is designed for LOH detection using tumor-normal paired samples, and the issue of tumor impurity is addressed by a two-component mixture model for allelic read counts.
In addition to the problem of sample selection, the issue of unobserved heterogeneity bias has been widely discussed within the literature both within the context of education/skill mismatch and immigration.
Obstacles of applying GWAS to sickle cell anemia and other hemoglobinopathies include: the limited sample sizes, the issue of LD, interpreting associations with SNPs when a biological connection is unclear, and dealing with gene-gene and gene-environment interactions [ 21].
Any realistic model of learning from samples must address the issue of noisy data.
Although we have not realistically encounter ownership problem in biobanks storing human microbial samples so far, the issue of ownership can be reflected by many parallel cases in other human research.
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