Pairwise LD analysis on the Bantu samples, predicted a single haplotype block encompassing a 1-kb region towards the 5′ end of the gene, which showed strong LD between four variants, −2572A>G, −2192C>T, −1982C>T and −1538G>A (Fig. 1A).
For a more quantitative assessment of how well a single urine sample predicts a subject's exposure category based on 3-month average metabolite levels, we conducted sensitivity and specificity analyses, using only the results from the 10 subjects who provided nine urine samples each (Table 4).
A secondary aim was to conduct sensitivity and specificity analyses to determine how well a single urine sample predicted an individual's urinary As profile and As exposure.
The Dutch parliament adopted a law in 2003 regulating forensic DNA phenotyping, the use of DNA samples to predict a suspect's ancestry or physical characteristics.
The goal of the validity analysis was to simulate and compare the ability of exposure assessments that involve one or two urine samples to predict a subject's "true" longer-term exposure.
The goal was to simulate and compare the ability of exposure assessments that involve one, two, or three urine samples to predict a subject's "true" 3-month average exposure tertile classification.
If collecting a spot sample is the only practical option, the ability of a single spot sample to predict a 24-hr value should be evaluated in a pilot study.
Although the finding of mild frontal/executive dysfunction in our patient sample might predict a higher frequency of apathy [23], it must be considered that we enrolled relatively young individuals and that apathy is thought to increase with age [39].
Sensitivity and specificity analyses to assess the ability of one urine sample to predict a subject's exposure tertile are shown in Table 4.
While instead CO is the minority reactant in our experiments, the obtained concentration profiles are nevertheless in good agreement with the calculated oxygen pressure profiles presented by Matera et al. They reported on different CO pressures at the edges of the sample and predict a decrease of approximately 90% of the minority species close to the catalyst surface center.
