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Samples of leaf discs were collected at 0.5 day post inoculation (dpi), and at 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 dpi.
Dr Lees said some of samples of leaf mines had been hidden, as the result of proud botanists attempting to disguise blemishes on their prized leaves.
Trace and heavy elements in the samples of leaf, peel and pulp were analyzed by the use of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Hitachi Polarized Zeeman AAS, Z-8200, Japan) following the conditions described in AOAC (1990).
The RWC was then calculated using the formula: {text{RWC }}left( % right), =, left[ {left( {{text{FM }} - {text{ DM}}} right) / left( {{text{TM }} - {text{ DM}}} right)} right], times { 1}00.The MSI was estimated using duplicate 0.2 g samples of leaf tissue as described by Premchandra et al. (1990) and modified by Rady (2011b).
At each location, ten samples of leaf litter (approximately 100 g of fresh matter) were randomly collected in the organic layer (OL).
DNA extraction was performed on 200 mg samples of leaf tissue using the FastDNA kit (QBIOgene, Carlsbad, CA) and a FastPrep FP 120 Cell Disrupter (Savant Instruments, Inc.; Holbrook, N.Y).
Similar(45)
We measured leaves, small branches and bark of the main trees and shrubs in the area and samples of leaf-litter and grasses, totalizing 1954 reflectance spectra belonging to 26 different types of vegetation (76.7 spectra on average per vegetation type, range: 15-235; see Table 1 in Additional File 2 for a complete list).
In order to better understand the ecology of these systems and to provide conservation in the study region and beyond, a total of 615 individuals from first and second order water courses of the Bulgan River in Hovd Aimag were mapped, followed by measurements of diameter at breast height, tree height and sampling of leaf material.
For example, our static sampling of leaf damage, while a good proxy for chronic herbivory, precludes any potentially important insect herbivore outbreaks.
Eight days after planting, a sample of leaf tissue was taken from each plant.
Leaf area index [LAI, ratio of leaf area to land area (Watson 1958)] was estimated by destructive sampling of leaf area from three randomly selected pots, using a leaf-area meter, after each experiment.
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