We were not concerned about small departures from normality as a z-test with a large number of samples is robust to such deviations.
The samples were Robust Multi-array Average (RMA) normalized and the microarray quality was assessed using the probe-level modeling and quality metrics provided by the Affy package of BioConductor (Irizarry et al., 2003).
These algorithms utilize active path sampling, are robust to agent failures, have multi-path routing capability, and have the ability to resolve data load spreading.
Nevertheless, simulated data show that the results from this sampler are robust to violations of this assumption when the aim is differentiating among hypotheses about gene flow structure, even though the actual estimate of gene flow may be biased (P. Beerli, personal communication).
It has been demonstrated in this Fukushima nuclear accident related aerosol radioactivity monitoring study at Sidney station, B.C. that the sampler is robust and reliable.
Thus, the TRG rickettsiae is not easily demonstrated as a distinct lineage of rickettsiae unless the taxon and character sampling is robust enough for this intriguing lineage to emerge (Figure 9; [28]).
Unlike the classical constant time-bin sampling (reported in Fig. 1B for comparison), conditional sampling is robust relative to the time-warp, enabling us to consider patterns of different duration and equal spatial distribution just like a same pattern (see red circled samples in Fig. 1A).
However, our main results are about the relative species richness and abundance among the pristine, drained and restored sites and for this comparison the sampling is robust enough.
It is worth mentioning that our research was limited by a small cross-sectional sample size so we cannot rule out a Type 1 errors based on the small amount of data, but on the whole we feel that our sample was robust in that between-groups differences emerged in expected areas.
This indicates that for a large data set with n = 1020 samples, GGMs are robust against the choice of samples.
