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In the discovery phase, the top SNP associated with mean log adiponectin was rs3865188 in CDH13 on chromosome 16 (p = 1.69 × 10−15 in the initial sample, p = 6.58 × 10−39 in the second genome-wide sample, and p = 2.12 × 10−32 in the replication sample).
k_{text{a}} = frac{{2mu L_{text{s}} Q_{text{a}} P_{text{a}} }}{{A_{text{s}} (P_{1}^{2} - P_{2}^{2} )}} (6 where μ is the gas viscosity, L s is the sample length, Q a is the flow rate at ambient pressure P a, A s is the cross-sectional area of the sample, and P 1 and P 2 are the pressures at the upstream and downstream side of the sample, respectively.
These loci include recurrent deletions at 16p12.1, a locus previously associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (P = 0.0084 in the discovery sample and P = 0.023 in the replication sample).
The C statistic is defined as: where is the largest variance from a laboratory within one sample and p is the number of laboratories.
In particular, the corrected count is given by Σ i (A i / P i ) where A i is the observed number of sites at which variants are reported to occur i times in the sample and P i is the power to detect variant sites with i occurrences.
The sample homozygosity is computed as (1) F ^ = (n ∑ i = 1 k p i 2 − 1 ) / (n − 1 ), where n is the sample size, k is the number of alleles in the sample, and p i is the allele frequency estimate for the ith allele in the sample.
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To allow inter-array comparisons of FN samples, signal intensities were normalized to the median signal intensity of each sample and p-values of the t-test were calculated for the three replicates of each organ (phloem, leaves, and roots).
Training data are ((x_{i},y_{i} )_{n, times,(p + 1)}) where (n) is the number of samples and (p) is the dimension of input variables.
The LFQ score of proteins with over 1.5-fold changes between any two samples and p value less than 0.05 were identified as differentially expressed proteins.
Suppose there is a training set (X) that contains n1 samples and p genes.
PCB-153 and p,p′-DDE were detected in all 304 samples, and p,p′-DDT was detected in 292 samples (96%).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com