Exact(2)
Since more than one DAG may represent exactly the same set of conditional independence relationships [ 40], given static data without perturbations it is more reliable to infer the causal strengths between proteins, regardless of the direction of these causalities.
This is used to guide the selection of a causal structure or a class of equivalent causal structures (different causal structures that result in joint distributions presenting the same set of conditional independences) that is compatible with the joint distribution of the data [ 3, 23].
Similar(58)
Causal structures within a class of observationally equivalent structures cannot be distinguished on the basis of data evidence because they result in the same set of probabilistic conditional independencies.
Different sets of modules, or the same set of modules with distinct conditional connectivity, can respond differently to the same changes in cell state, allowing each biomolecule to build unique regulatory programs (Fig. 3c d).
We include the same set of covariates as in the conditional cost model except calendar year.
The GPS is defined as the conditional probability of receiving a particular level of treatment 't' (hours of training) conditional on the same set of baseline covariates X used in section 6.1.
Compared to the socially efficient mechanism, the optimal mechanism features fewer participants, longer search conditional on the same set of participants, and inefficient sequence of entry.
In other words, we require that probabilities of different values of parameters conditional on the same set of measurements are different.
Proposition 1 shows that the IPW estimator, the AIPW estimator and the mean score estimator are equivalent if the selection probability and the conditional expectation are estimated using same set of discrete random variables.
For instance, the probability that a candidate criterion is a good solution is directly linked to whether that candidate criterion belongs to the same set of topics a user is interested in, i.e., conditional upon the same set of topics.
What we've had is a set of conditional reassurances about progress and the Treasury have released money accordingly.
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