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However, current research also suggests biological causes for the apparent sexual-dimorphism in the disease, with women having a higher susceptibility [ 3- 5], an overall more severe COPD course even with the same level of tobacco exposure [ 6], and an increase in severe symptoms at a younger age [ 2, 7].
Similar(58)
Our results indicate that E1 expression in both corn and tobacco enabled reduction of the required pretreatment severity to permit the same level of sugar conversion as was obtained with higher-temperature pretreatments of wild-type samples.
Same level of crime - a MM.
"with the same level of intensity".
One recent example is the interaction between tobacco smoke exposure and preterm delivery [ 81, 82] Smoking is an important risk factor for preterm birth, but not all women exposed to the same level of smoke deliver preterm.
Especially confounding is the finding that mRNA levels for subunit A increase two to four fold in response to the same levels of salt stress in tobacco suspension cells [ 59].
There is a disparity between the reported level of tobacco use and tobacco-associated outcomes among African Americans.
Finally, none of these studies measured level of tobacco dependence among khat users.
"You have countries with different levels of tobacco control and this is not the best example in Europe, no way".
Reduced toxicant prototype (RTP) cigarettes with substantially reduced levels of tobacco smoke toxicants have been developed.
The abundance of inexpensive and convenient preparations of smokeless tobacco, coupled with aggressive marketing result in high levels of tobacco chewing, even among women in the country [21].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com