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Growth was measured over 72 h by periodically taking duplicate samples and quantifying Salmonella population densities as described above.
Three 10-g samples of each moisture level were analyzed immediately to determine the initial Salmonella population densities.
The process of dried fermented sausages is recognized to be favourable to the reduction of the Salmonella population.
The occurrence of cell damage due to PEF in the Salmonella population opens the possibility of designing combined processes enabling increased microbial lethality in LWE.
The heat sensitizing effect of PEF treatments in the presence of 2% triethyl citrate on the Salmonella population could enable LWE producers to reduce the temperature or processing time of thermal treatments (current standards are 60 °C for 3.5 min in the United States), increasing the level of Salmonella inactivation and retaining the quality of non-treated LWE.
Listeria seems to deal better with competition on mixed biofilm, while Salmonella population decreases when co-cultured with E. coli.
Similar(48)
The resulting suspension was plated on TSA to enumerate invaded Salmonella populations.
Therefore, one plausible explanation for the lack of Salmonella persistence in the ponds was low initial Salmonella populations in the ponds and the faster-than-previously-assumed Salmonella decimal reduction time.
Ravva and Sarreal reported that Salmonella populations decreased significantly in aerated microcosms held under summer conditions, with a decimal reduction time of 3.4 days (47), while Cevallos-Cevallos et al. found that Salmonella survived for at least 63 days, depending on the microcosm eutrophication level and the temperature (26).
Hence, to the best of our knowledge, no data with co-linear wild-type and mutant alleles are available during evolution experiments, whereas duplications have been commonly found by classical genetics in Salmonella populations adapting to diverse conditions including nutrient-limited chemostats [ 3, 22].
These studies revealed that TIVAR − isolates represent a significant subset of natural Salmonella populations derived from human and livestock infections (Heithoff et al., 2008): S. Typhimurium (10/61), S. Newport 2/100), S. Enteritidis (2/8), S. Dublin (0/8), S. Bovismorbificans (2/5), and S. Choleraesuis (3/3).
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