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At screening, incremental doses of allergen were inhaled [ 17] until an early asthmatic response (EAR) was observed, defined as a fall in FEV1 of ≥20% from the post saline value, on at least one occasion, between 5 and 30 minutes after the final concentration of allergen.
The late asthmatic response (LAR) was defined as a fall in FEV1 of ≥15% from the post saline value, on at least three occasions, two of which must be consecutive, between 4 and 10 hours after the final concentration of allergen.
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For the comparison of relative protein levels in GD18 cerebral cortices of foetuses from saline- and LPS-injected dams, each background-corrected value was normalized according to the relative β-actin level of the sample, and then referred to the average of the saline values calculated from the same immunoblot image.
Quantification of the immunohistochemical analysis was performed by expressing data as fold increase from the mean of the 4 month old saline values from the same brain region, logarithmically transformed and analysed using a three way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post tests.
Increasing concentrations of methacholine were inhaled until a fall of 20% or more in FEV1 (PC20-from) from the post-saline value occurred.
Patients then inhaled doubling increments of AMP until a ≥ 20% fall in FEV1 from the post-saline value was achieved or the maximum concentration had been given.
Coughs were counted for 32 min during and following the inhalation of methacholine at the provocative concentration which produced a 20% fall or more in FEV1from the post-saline value (PC20-FEV1).
After inhalation of isotonic saline as a control, subjects were administered methacholine until the FEV1 had dropped by ≥ 20% from the post-saline value, or until the maximum cumulative dose of 4 mg had been given.
As shown in Table 1, the Casr+/- mice normally maintain a 0.1 mmol/l higher ionized calcium concentration than in wild-type, but acutely achieved a peak increment in ionized calcium that was approximately 0.4 mmol/l higher than the post-saline value.
According to classification by Rabinove et al. (1958), two samples were non saline (TDS value less than 1,000 mg/L); nine samples were in the slightly saline category (TDS value range between 1,000 and 3,000 mg/L) and two samples were in moderately saline category (TDS value range between 3,000 and 10,000 mg/L).
The administration of L-NAME in combination with CGP I.C.V. in CGP/CGP+L-NAME group decreased the sensitivity (A2) of the baroreflex curve significantly to values not different from saline control values for RSNA (Figs 6a and 8a) and HR (Figs 6b and 8b) (both P < 0.05).
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