In London, higher rents offset salary gains by as much as £4,000 a year, the analysis claims.
Fixed pension costs and major salary gains in recent decades have made orchestras expensive to run, although many musicians would argue that the money keeps quality high and that managers have a responsibility to raise the dollars.
In his mid-90s, Mr. Miller expressed satisfaction over more than the huge salary gains and freedom of movement his members enjoy, and he ultimately came to believe that the players finally appreciated what unionism meant.
Given the widespread distress about high college costs, shrinking state support for public universities and plummeting endowment values at private universities — and the fact that college tuitions have been rising far more quickly than inflation — some experts said this year's small faculty salary gains were not unexpected.
Details of the contract are labyrinthine, but the company essentially describes its offer as equally generous compared with what machinists received, and the engineers describe it as a step backward that nearly wipes out salary gains with new health-care fees.
Layoffs, job insecurity, weakening wages and salary gains will dampen consumer demand.
To calculate the worth of an M.B.A. we compared the salary gains it generated to the cost of getting it.
And in a year when most workers saw their real incomes fall or stagnate, life scientists report receiving modest but significant salary gains.
That low unemployment rate--and even some of the recent salary gains--may be connected to the institution of the postdoc, which now employs at least 60,000 researchers.
Our ranking compares the cost of getting an M.B.A., in foregone income and in tuition, with the rewards, in salary gains.
