Add to that the $3.5 billion to $7 billion estimated by a recent Princeton University study to safeguard spent fuel pools from air attack, the roughly $3.5 million price tag of new perimeter sensors and the $160 million that Raytheon charges for a Patriot missile battery capable of knocking out airborne threats, and multiply the total by the 103 nuclear power stations in the country.
High quality experimental data for isotopic compositions in irradiated fuel are important to spent fuel applications, including nuclear safeguards, spent fuel storage, transportation, and final disposal.
The willingness in the pre-budget report to raise tax to safeguard public spending may have raised Labour spirits, and will perhaps make Labour voters more likely to turn out, but it may also steel the resolve of the more numerous group who want to boot Brown out of Downing Street.
German officials worry that without safeguards on spending and deficits, the country would quickly be bled dry by overspending partners.
A State Department official said today that the issue was "how you get the international financial institutions involved in safeguarding and spending the money for the oil sales, what sort of transparent and honest mechanism do you use".
In a move that forced the government on to the defensive, the highly respected Institute for Fiscal Studies challenged the chancellor's contention that his plans for four years of belt-tightening would be progressive, safeguard frontline school spending, and require smaller savings for departments than Alistair Darling would have demanded.
Reprocessing also produces plutonium that can be used in weapons, which is much more costly to store and safeguard than the spent fuel from which it is separated.
With safeguards against profligate spending now being put into place, the risk of a budgetary blow-out ahead of the 2010 general election as many analysts fear are fading.
Foundations, universities and other nonprofit institutions say they need to watch their spending to safeguard their nest eggs, because there is no guarantee that the enormous growth will continue.
The anticipated jurisdiction for Care England is poorly defined, but having one or two local government reps on the Care England board will offer little safeguard against social care spending becoming subsumed into the medicalised, hospital dominated model of care that most people agree we are trying to change.
