Extraosseous cement leakage in the vicinity of neural structures (typically, sacral canal and foramina, and posterior aspect of the acetabulum) and into the hip joint should be avoided [9, 10, 12, 13].
The internal pneumatic structures of the sacral vertebrae are not as complex as those of the dorsal vertebrae, being more camerate than camellate [16∶346].
Over the hips, the ossicles and larger domed plates were interlocked very tightly to form a structure called a sacral shield.
17 These structures are largely innervated by the sacral nerve roots (S2 S4) and the pudendal nerve.
The advantages of MRgFUS over existing thermoablative techniques are that it provides continuous MR imaging of fibroids and adjacent structures such as bowel, bladder and sacral nerves and provides continuous temperature monitoring to optimize effective tissue coagulation to prevent injury to adjacent normal tissue.
The spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system i.e., the paired cranial and spinal nerves are generalized in their structure, and there are distinct brachial and sacral plexuses, both of which are important nerve networks that supply the limbs.
Sacral rib represents an uncommon pathology in which rib-like structures arise from the sacrum.
High-energy trauma with displaced sacral fracture is frequently associated with concomitant injuries to the intrapelvic soft tissue structures, including the lumbosacral plexus (Huittinen 1972, Denis et al. 1988, Majeed 1992).
Changes in three homeotic gradient systems (sacral boundary change, septo-neural transposition, and emergence of a novel LTP structure) mark the Early Miocene establishment of a body plan committed to upright postures in the hominiform hominoids.
It appears, in sum, that the "reduction" and "enhancement" of pneumatic fossae between posterior dorsal and sacral vertebrae in Majungasaurus is directly related to "reduction" and "enhancement" of vertebral structure.
