Relatively large RMS errors in the station correction, however, persist near faults, which are probably explained not only by site amplification factor but also by fault rupture effects.
Previous researches on strong ground motion of shallow crustal earthquakes, such as the 1995 Kobe earthquake, indicated the important effects of subsurface structure as well as source rupture effects (e.g., Kawase 1996).
The aim was to explore the fundamentals of the wood rheology as it appears in the processes, and to determine by SEM the rupture effects on the wood surface.
Ten mice in study 3 died prematurely due to aortic rupture and were excluded from further analysis in order to avoid post-mortem or post rupture effects confounding assessments, leaving 18 animals in this group.
Citing the example of a controversy over fox-hunting scenes in the 1950 film "Gone to Earth" Mr. Burt describes the "rupturing effect" of the animal on screen, its tendency to break the spell of cinematic illusion.
As well as detailing the frustrating powerlessness of childhood, Bauer also paints a vivid portrait of the rupturing effect of a child's murder upon a family, with its aftermath of fractured, stunted people with only one reference point in their lives.
These surface ruptures effected severely damages to the road.
Considering the possible rupture directivity effect (Miyake et al. 2001), using event E1 as an example to show a procedure for broadband ground motion simulation, we selected four stations in different azimuths to obtain the observed source spectral ratios (solid triangles in Fig. 2a).
The obtained inversion results suggest that the rupture directivity effect and supershear rupture propagation caused the severe damage in Yushu County.
