In this paper, the impact on emergency group behavior of the interplay between official message dissemination and rumor spreading over multiple channels is examined.
Because in such emergencies individual behavior can affect group behavior, it is necessary to explore how official message dissemination and rumor spreading impact the evolution of population behavior.
Gossip-based protocols have first been examined for information dissemination in what is known as randomized rumor spreading [51] or epidemic algorithm [52].
Therefore, it may be interpreted that the official voice, to some degree, positively affects the rumor spreading and controls public opinion, but ineffective official news dissemination cannot completely eliminate the influence of the false rumor spreading.
In various studies on emergency information dissemination, the topic of epidemic spreading has inspired a great deal of rumor spreading for many years [8], especially the SIR model.
In summary, it may be interpreted that the effective official message dissemination can eliminate false rumors and verify true rumors to break the competitive rumor spreading impact.
The arrowheads E and F represent the effect of the official message dissemination, the arrowheads A, B, C, and D denote the effect of the rumor spreading, C and D represent the competitive rumor spreading process, and all arrowheads represent the coupling effect of the government communication and rumor transmission channels.
The information dissemination process can be represented by a system of differential equations [20], which is modeled to describe the coupling process of government communication and rumor spreading in an emergency situation.
The letter also accuses Golos, which has been preparing for Sunday's election for years, of "dissemination of rumors under the guise of trustworthy reports, with the goal of defaming a party as well as its individual members".
