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Available transcripts containing antisense RTE sequence bind this complex and antisense RTE piRNAs are formed which in turn associate primarily with MIWI2 (and MILI, respectively).
However, a later study on piRNAs from an earlier (pre-pachytene) stage showed a high content of RTE sequence in piRNAs [ 29].
Around 40percentt of the mouse genome consists of RTE sequence, slightly lower than observed for the human genome, although this presumably is a result of the higher substitution rate in mouse, limiting the identification of old RTE sequence [ 12, 13].
Initially, piRNAs from adult mouse testis were found to contain less RTE sequence than would be expected from the genomic content of RTEs, suggesting that piRNAs were not specifically targeting RTEs [ 27, 28].
This suggests that co-transcription of RTE sequences along with mRNAs from protein-coding genes (predominantly in intronic regions) could now take on a relatively larger role in providing RTE sequence transcripts.
The partial RTE sequence identified by Malik and Eickbush [ 17] next to the cecropin B gene of B. mori is represented by the full-length element BmRTE-d05, with some protein sequence differences because of attempts of those authors to correct frameshifts that had been identified in the partial sequence.
Similar(53)
If, as assumed, active transcription of RTE loci is repressed at this stage, one would expect a higher proportion of RTE sequences in the total transcriptome to be derived from co-transcription of intronic RTE loci.
Furthermore, considerable biological differences in RTE sequences have been reported between mouse strains [ 49, 50].
Although active RTEs need to be transcribed from their forward strand, the RTE sequences scattered around the highly transcribed genome could produce transcripts in both orientations.
A transition from active transcription of RTEs to passive co-transcription of RTE sequences residing within protein-coding transcripts appears to take place in postnatal development.
However, when repeating the analysis without the youngest RTE sequences, essentially similar results and significance levels are found (Additional File 1, Table S3).
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