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Photovoltaic cell electrolyzer combined systems have recently been considered a most promising route to commercialization of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting although efficiency, stability, and cost remain major challenges.
The key challenges en route to commercialization of TPV technology include low heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency, mechanical and thermostructural reliability at high temperatures, and cost.
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In particular, we will discuss the pros and cons of surface engineering technology in food packaging based on our experience with a block copolymer-based surface modification strategy of polymer substrates and will further discuss about the costs, practicalities, risks, benefits, and safety challenges that may arise on the route to their commercialization process.
Licensing (or selling an early-stage start-up) potentially surrenders a larger share of the potentially available profits from an innovation but may be the surest route to monetization when direct commercialization by the innovator poses too many challenges for the inventor, e.g., when the capability (and financing) gaps are too numerous and large (see Teece 1986, Figure 9).
But this has come at a price, quite literally: scientific research is expensive, it takes place at a very high level of complexity, and some of it is speculative with often long and rarely direct routes from idea to commercialization.
A sustainable bacterial fermentation route to produce biobutanol is poised for re-commercialization. Today, biobutanol can compete with synthetic butanol in the chemical market.
On route to Australia!
Route to the final.
En route to #Davos.
Synthetic route to GSK1702934A.
And that would be just the first step to commercialization.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com