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Surface topography of wires was measured by an optical microscope and quantified using surface roughness testing.
To assess remineralization of primary teeth enamel under the presence of fluoride, calcium and phosphorous ions using microhardness and surface roughness testing.
The composites were characterised by SEM, TEM, powder XRD, FT-IR, scratch and roughness testing.
The surface roughness and topography of the laser-treated materials were analysed by a 2D roughness testing and by AFM.
The treated samples were characterized by optical microscopy, SEM, XRD, roughness testing, electrochemical polarization and salt spray testing.
After treatment, the behavior of the nitrogen- and carbon-enriched layers were investigated by optical microscopy, micro-Vickers hardness testing, roughness testing, X-ray diffraction and potentiodynamic polarization testing.
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Experimental boiling curves are reported for seven surfaces of different roughness tested in the perfluorinated fluorocarbon liquid, FC-72.
Scan electron microscope (SEM) and roughness tests were employed to observe the surface topography.
Functional evaluation of DLC coatings was performed using scratch, micro-hardness, fracture toughness and surface roughness tests.
Other damage phase data were determined using scanning electron microscopy, Vickers hardness, and surface roughness tests under progressive fatigue; these results also indicated slight grain boundary degradation.
The surface characteristics of flax fibers were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and roughness tests.
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