Sentence examples for roughness lead from inspiring English sources

It should be mentioned, though, that depth of focus is of minor significance for ToF-SIMS measurements, as height differences and high sample roughness lead to unwanted shading or geometry related artifacts and have to be avoided anyway [21,22].

On ceramic surfaces (smooth ceramic 4668 ± 1562 rfu; medium ceramic 5590 ± 1493 rfu, rough ceramic 6875 ± 428 rfu), higher surface roughness led to increased S. sanguinis adhesion (p < 0.05 for all comparisons, except for smooth ceramic compared with medium ceramic: p = 0.244).

By contrast, the surface roughness leads to a negative effect.

However, artificial roughness leads to even more fluid pressure thereby increasing the pumping power.

However, the artificial rib roughness leads to higher friction factor thereby increasing pumping power.

Increasing film thickness or substrate roughness leads to an increase of the peel-off force.

The increased surface roughness leads to the increased emissivity, which can be explained by "V-shaped grooves" model.

In general, we observed that the highest roughness led to the best adhesion as measured by critical load tests.

The stronger interaction of a single layer with the substrate roughness leads to the observed larger amount of disorder.

By contrast, surface roughness leads to large localized strain and stress fields in grains located at the bottom of scratches.

It is ascribed that the molybdenized layer with high hardness yields a low toughness, and its high surface roughness leads to a micro-notched effect.