After deposition the surface roughness, argon content, structure, refractive index and wear resistance were analysed.
Scientists also have to account for other changes, such as changes to density, surface roughness, and water content.
An association between roughness and protein content (r2 = 0.58) was observed and concurs with earlier observations (Champagne et al. 2004b, 2009).
Surface roughness and oxygen content prior to and after cleaning were evaluated by profilometry and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), respectively.
The wetting behaviour of the composites varied from hydrophilic to highly hydrophobic as a function of the roughness and metallic content.
The hardness, surface roughness and chemical content ratio were analyzed by tribo scope nano-mechanical indentation tester, atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
After washing the DBD-treated samples in de-ionized water their surface roughness and oxygen content were reduced and the PP partially recovered its original wetting characteristics.
The enhanced corrosion behavior of the ternary alloy was thus attributed to its chemical composition, phase content, roughness and the synergistic effect of Ni and Fe on the n-type semiconductor surface film.
However one of the major constraints of this technique, when used in field conditions is the spatial variation in surface soil properties (soil water content, roughness, vegetation residue) which induces a spectral variability not directly related to SOC and hence reduces the SOCa accuracy.
On local scales, temperature differences can occur because different surfaces (such as oceans, forests, ice sheets, or man-made objects) have differing physical characteristics such as reflectivity, roughness, or moisture content.
