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However, the observed population of the rotational levels is determined by the excitation mechanisms and the rotational level population of the electronic states from which the upper electronic state of the chosen molecule band is populated.
The energy splitting between the Λ-doublet components of each rotational level is greatly exaggerated for clarity.
Each rotational level is labeled by the rotational quantum number j, and is split into two Λ-doublet components with e and f parity.
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As deduced from the reference, the frequency intervals between neighboring rotational levels are fitted to a non-rigid rotor model, thus the rotational constants are precisely obtained.
Considering this, more reliable results are obtained compared to the conventional method where a single Boltzmann distribution of the rotational levels is assumed.
Because the permitted rotational levels depend on the natures of the bonded atoms (e.g., their masses), microwave radiation can be used for qualitative analysis of some organic molecules.
Both the angular momentum based ECS-P and the energy based EPGL-0 descriptions accurately represented the data across the entire range of rotational levels probed in this study.
Interestingly, molecules could be recaptured after being transferred between different rotational levels.
A basis set was used including all NO rotational levels up to j=20.5 and all partial wave contributions up to a total angular momentum of J=160.5 to reach convergence.
The ions are subsequently detected using a standard velocity map imaging arrangement Fig. 2 Rotational energy level diagram of NO (X 2 Π Ω,v=0) radicals.
Via repeated computational simulations, a rotational speed level of 200 rpm was found as adequate to provide 10 dyn/cm2 of shear force at the plates' peripheral region.
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