The support rotations, deflection of member and failure shape were analysed from the numerical results by comparing with design standard.
The development of a set of p-y curves can introduce a solution to the differential equation in Eq. (2), and provide a solution for the pile deflection, pile rotation, bending moment, shear, and soil reaction for any load capable of being sustained by the pile.
Mechanical features of the solution are revealed for the steady-state response in terms of normalized deflection, cross-section rotation, bending moment and shear force.
The Corrected Beam Theory (CBT), that includes the effects of crack tip rotation and deflection [7].
In order to reduce the rotation and deflection, lateral or temporary bracing is required during the installation process (Dong and Sause 2010).
In situation C, both the parasitic rotation and deflection of the guiding plate are taken into account, which might be tiny but do exist in reality.
As an alternative, the DBT uses the classical beam theory equations to assess the compliance [12] and the CBT improves on it by taking account the effects of crack tip rotation and deflection [13].
Due to high concentration of rotation and deflection at individual joints in the dry jointed specimen, the maximum load and failure load are 8.6% and 16.7% less than that of the epoxy jointed specimen.
We compare the flexure of single barbs as well as arrays of barbs and find that the interlocking adherence of barbs to one another enables a more robust structure due to minimized barb rotation during deflection.
In situation D, both the parasitic rotation and deflection of the guiding plate and rigid beams are taken into account, which might be tiny but do exist in reality.
It is observed from the results that the flexural strength of dry jointed specimen is less than the epoxy joint due to high concentration of rotation and deflection at individual joints of segmental girder.
