Using tpsDig2 software (Rohlf 2010a), we measured standard length (tip of rostrum to posterior tip of hypural plate) and gonopodium lateral surface area (area inside the gonopodium's outer boundaries, including anal fin rays 1 5) from these photographs (Fig. S2).
For C. plumbeus natural head angle while swimming was measured as 2° rostrum-up inclination of the line connecting the tip of the rostrum with the center of the eye relative to the horizontal plane.
For S. lewini there is a 3° rostrum-up inclination of the cephalofoil plane (the line connecting the tip of the rostrum and the caudal edge of the cephalofoil) relative to the horizontal plane.
The total length of the larvae at each developmental stage was measured under a binocular microscope from the tip of the rostrum to the end of the tail (total length = TL), and at the end of the experiment, percentage survival was quantified.
It has a single ridge extending from the tip of the rostrum to the paired blowholes that are a distinctive characteristic of baleen whales.
It has a tall, sickle-shaped dorsal fin that ranges in height from 38-90 cm and averages 53-56 cm, about two-thirds of the way back from the tip of the rostrum.
While the gland body itself is inconspicuous in CLSM, its long ducts, which are leading ventroanterior of the brain to the tip of the rostrum, are showing distinct acetylated α-tubulin-IR (Fig. 3a– c, e, 7d).
The ventral mouth opening is located one-third of the length from the tip (delineating the rostrum from the trunk), the dorsal male gonopore is positioned two-thirds of the length from the tip, followed by one to several lateral openings of the seminal receptacles in the posterior end of the body and the subterminal dorsal anus.
At the beginning of the experiment a single animal was removed from the holding tank, sexed, measured from the tip of the rostrum to the end of the cephalothorax (mm) and placed into a water bath at 30, 40, 50 or 60 °C (± 1 °C) for either 5, 1 min or 5 s for one of the temperatures (five animals per treatment × nine treatments).
From male mosquitoes, we generated libraries from brain, antenna, rostrum, foreleg, midleg, hindleg and abdominal tip, defined in males as the three terminal abdominal segments, including genitalia (Fig. 2b).
