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And the effect size was calculated using the following formula, Z-scores/a square root of sample number.
The decrease in error is proportional with the square root of sample size minus 1 and is similar to the behavior of standard deviation as one moves from estimating individuals to estimating population behavior.
Models were weighted by the square root of sample size for each 'group year'.
Standard error was calculated by dividing σ by the square root of sample size (Eqn. 7).
If only SEs or 95% CIs are reported for means and no SDs, the SDs will be calculated as follows: SD=SEM×Square root of sample size.
For continues variables where SEs were reported instead of SDs, values for SDs were computed by multiplying the SEs with the square root of sample size (SD = SE * N, where N = sample size).
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A phylogenetic analysis [ 25] weighted by the square-root of sample size minus three [ 42] did not provide a better fit to the data.
A model weighted by the square-root of sample size minus three (the standard error, [ 12]) did not provide a better fit (Table 1B).
A phylogenetic analysis [ 12] weighted by the square-root of sample size minus three [ 13] explained 10.6% of the variance (Table 1D).
In the heat map of Figure 1, the experiments are organized in three major groups, namely the profiles of nodule samples, root samples and samples of all other plant organs regardless of the treatment they were submitted to.
Once the root systems of sample trees excavated in years 3 and 4 were exposed, the maximum length of each of the lateral roots and the maximum root depth were measured in situ.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com