The first text in the vernacular is the Serment de Strasbourg, the Romance version of the Oath of Strasbourg (842), an oath sworn by Louis the German (Louis II) and Charles the Bald (Charles II) against their brother Lothar in the partitioning of the empire of their grandfather Charlemagne.
Occasionally, Tolkien wrote Quenya with a "Finnish-style" orthography (rather than the standard Latin-Romance version), in which c is replaced by k, y with j, and long vowels written double; hence, the name Ecyanáro would be written Ekjanaaro.
On the label of any bottle of these Alpine wines, you may just as easily find the French Vallée d'Aoste as the Italian Valle d'Aosta, two Romance language versions for what would be rendered unromantically in English as the Aosta Valley.
What's the romance novel version of how you got together?
★ AMERICAN BALLET THEATER (Friday and Saturday) The company concludes its season with a full-evening romance: Kenneth MacMillan's version of "Romeo and Juliet".
On the Road is perhaps the supreme American romance, a contemporary version of Huck Finn's longing to "light out for the territory".
This is a play about breaking hearts: the shy, lame girl who approaches and, at the last minute, loses the possibility of romance is a version of Williams's own lobotomised sister.
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Most of the themes of French romance appear in Icelandic versions; e.g., Karlamagnús saga was based on Charlemagne legends.
"The stories we're telling are guys' versions of romance novels," says Nancy Dubuc, the president of A&E Networks, who commissioned "Ice Road Truckers".
