Exact(1)
In addition there were seven secondary factors that may have a potential role confounding role: menopausal status, a history of hot flashes prior to tamoxifen treatment, duration of tamoxifen treatment, estradiol serum concentration, age, BMI and CYP2D6 predicted phenotype.
Similar(59)
Additional analyses were carried out to determine the possible role of confounding factors, including lifetime alcohol use, smoking status, and a 2.31 year difference between groups in mean education level.
Residual confounding could have played a role, since all baseline variables were measured only once, thereby possibly underestimating the role of confounding.
Without detailed knowledge of XRCC3's roles in DNA repair, it is hard to evaluate the significance of such studies, or exclude a role for confounding factors.
We chose to pool the adjusted effect measures rather than the crude ones because of the role of confounding factors on the validity of observational studies.
Although immunomodulation by the majority of these agents has been established in vitro, their role in confounding the septic immunophenotype remains unclear.
In addition, the effect of demographic factors is not usually direct, but is mediated by other factors [27]; therefore, future studies should consider the role of confounding factors, such as comorbid mental health problems, while exploring the association of demographic factors with the prognosis of whiplash injury.
In this analysis, we focused on the direct effects of disease by addressing the potential role of confounding from smoking in these associations with lung cancer.
Most studies evaluated the role of confounding factors other than age and sex.
These strategies attempted to minimize the role of confounding by unobserved variables.
Subsequently, in an attempt to investigate the possible role of confounding by indication we adjusted for risk factor prevalence.
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