This was necessary because ABC and MATE transporters play multiple roles at the cellular level.
It appears to stabilize the sarcolemma and protects muscle fibers from long-term contraction-induced damage and necrosis [ 18], though its precise roles at the cellular level are still to be elucidated.
Unlike epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor, which play roles at the cellular or tissue level as autocrine or paracrine factors, insulin and IGFs play important systemic regulatory roles at the whole organism level as a hormone [ 27– 29].
The major site of ACKR2 expression is lymphatic endothelium and it has a role at this cellular interface in limiting the function of inflammatory chemokines such as CCL2(Nibbs et al, 2001; Vetrano et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2013; McKimmie et al, 2013).
By analogy with studies of other Rab proteins, analysis of the localization of wild‐type and constitutively active and inactive forms of Rab23 provides the potential to shed light on the role of Rab23 at the cellular level.
Together, these data demonstrate a protective role for Aptx at the cellular and organismal level, and suggest that its absence results in progressive accumulation of oxidative DNA breaks in the nervous system, triggering hallmarks of premature ageing, systemically.
Since estrogen receptors have an important role in estradiol effects at the cellular level and the exact mechanism(s) of estradiol-induced neuroprotection has not yet been fully clarified, the present study was designed to determine the changes in the levels of estrogen receptors mRNAs and proteins involved in this phenomenon.
Since G-protein subunits have a critical role in opioid effects at the cellular level and the exact mechanism(s) of exercise-induced morphine insensitivity has not been fully clarified, the present study was designed to determine the changes in the levels of Gαi and Gβ proteins gene expression involved in this phenomenon.
Since G-protein subunits have an important role in morphine effects at the cellular level and the exact mechanism(s) of diabetes-induced morphine insensitivity has not been fully clarified yet, the present study was designed to determine the changes in the levels of Gαi, Gαs, Gβ mRNAs and proteins involved in this phenomenon.
Since G-protein subunits have an important role in morphine effects at the cellular level and the exact mechanism(s) of adrenalectomy-induced morphine sensitization has not yet been clarified, the present study was designed to determine the changes in the levels of Gαi/o, Gαs, Gβ mRNA involved in this phenomenon.
