In Avida, robustness seems to be relatively stable, as suggested by the fact that initial differences in robustness were maintained after thousands of generations.
However, we can state that these observations provide enough evidence that robustness against input noise is maintained.
Robustness of the scheme is maintained by employing a low-pass Pade-type nondispersive spatial filter, which also accounts for the fine-scale turbulent dissipation that otherwise is traditionally provided by an explicitly added subgrid-scale (SGS) stress model.
Further, from the unifying mathematical framework, we found that the phenotype robustness criterion for synthetic gene networks is that if intrinsic robustness + genetic robustness + environmental robustness ≦ network robustness, then the phenotype robustness can be maintained in spite of intrinsic parameter fluctuations, genetic variations, and environmental disturbances.
Our method in this article forms multiple adjacent beams closelyspaced and combines them in a way that the displacement invariance structure required by ESPRIT is maintained, thus improving robustness to scalloping loss in beamforming.
This points to the need for an alternate approach where the holes of finite radius are properly incorporated in the modeling, and robustness with respect to the radius is maintained.
Robustness focuses on how a biological function, such as the phase of a particular clock component, is maintained under varying conditions.
For example, a network's robustness could be maintained through gene duplication: a new compensatory node could be added in the network, or alternatively, through gene deletion, a node, whose function and connectivity has subtle effects on the network, could be lost [ 52].
The allowable gain error (AGE) function is used to quantify a frequency dependent bound of model gain errors which allow for both robust vibration control and the required stability robustness margin to be maintained.
